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Last updated: 10 Sep : 12:15 Details |
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Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) : An introduction |
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Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) : An introduction
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Azhar Chowdhury Jewel Sunday 04 June 2006
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Usually, all kind of businesses around the world exchanged electronic information in two ways: speaking via telephones (PSTN), and exchanging data via communications networks. Voice and data system architectures were fundamentally different, with voice offering two-way, real-time communications, and with data using a store-and-forward approach. The emergence of the Internet as a communications infrastructure provides a new architecture that offers the best of both worlds, and lays the foundation for simpler, more powerful, and less costly integration of voice, data and multimedia communications using common infrastructures.
More recently, the focus has been on using Internet infrastructure to integrate voice using Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technologies such as Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). SIP is recognized as an excellent way to achieve fully integrated communications over Internet infrastructure. It promises to have the same impact as HTTP on how we communicate in realtime: on mobile or standard phones, using computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) such as Palm" Pilots, Blackberry", iPAQ", and any type of IP-based device. Not only does SIP enable VoIP communications, it can also be used for Instant Messaging, short messages and multimedia conferencing.
What is SIP?
Session Initiation Protocol, or SIP, is a communication protocol that facilitates openness, connectivity, simplicity, choice and personalization. It is a standard that is being advanced by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the global non-profit Internet standards body behind Internet Protocol (IP) and HTTP. The IETF began standardization of SIP in 1996 to support multicast applications. Its simplicity, power and extensibility, however, led to SIP's rapid adoption for other uses across the IETF, notably for use with Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and for Instant Messaging. SIP delivers maximum flexibility to the business owner and system users. SIP is being adopted by major telecommunications service providers around the world. It has also been specified as the call control for the 3GPP next generation cellular network has been adopted by Microsoft" for use in with Xbox" and Windows Messenger", by AOL and many others for Instant Messaging.
What is the business prospect with SIP?
Your business may be looking for simple, cost-effective ways to achieve all these things, and employees at all levels of your organization contribute best when technology works behind the scenes to make their jobs easier. From your customer to your employees and supply chain, the smooth and timely flow of information is critical for your success.
How will SIP benefit from this point forward? (Practical implementation point of view)
SIP offers one of the first truly converged systems for business communications. In addition to a growing number of emerging capabilities, businesses which adopt SIP will enjoy a host of immediate benefits, including:
Open standard, with multiple vendors introducing many new features, products and services that all work together, so you have lots of freedom and choice
Simplified communications network, with one set of cables to handle voice, data and video to every desk
Easy set-up, so you don t have to be a technical expert to install or modify your SIPbased system and preferences
Maximum flexibility, by allowing multiple dialing methods, choice of devices, use of wireless devices, ultra-flexible configurations, and interoperability with other systems
Supports remote workers, by extending your company s network to them, wherever they are
Scalable, making it easy to build on your systems as your company grows
Futureproof, protecting your original investment by adding new services and capabilities via downloadable software, and by using open system architectures that are compatible with equipment from multiple vendors
Reduced system costs, by having one system handle voice and data, meaning you have fewer components and one supplier instead of many
Reduced long-distance bills, by placing long-distance calls and conference sessions over the Internet infrastructure instead of traditional communications infrastructures
Potential for new competitive business advantages as new SIP-based services are offered over time
Consistency across distributed organizations, by having the same dialing and access procedures to reach branch offices, home offices, teleworkers, and mobile employees
Fast ramp-up, when adding new branch offices or new employees, or when reassigning or relocating staff
Strengthens corporate culture inside distributed organizations, by dialing internally across distances, such as dialing by extension numbers it feels like everyone is truly inside the organization
Ability to dial locally, by connecting to regular public telephone systems
Future Benefits?
The SIP model is that of the intelligent edge device. The SIP phone will become the desktop portal, whereby future applications and services can easily be delivered across the enterprise, enhancing the user experience.
Over time, SIP will enable a host of new services and capabilities that will provide easy, personalized communications and excellent cost efficiency. As an individual user, complete control will be in your hands. You will create your own individual profiles to instruct communications networks on your preferences for how and where you can be reached, by whom, and when.
For example, dialing your phone number will reach you wherever you are in the world on whichever means of communication is available to you at the time (cell phone, PDA, PC, tablet, or even a wearable communicator).
Advantage of SIP s power?
Setting up a SIP-based communications network can be as simple as installing Integrated Communications Platform (a server with built in features like firewall and voice mail) and SIP telephone handsets at each desk. Your communications network may need other components to connect your current systems to the newer SIP system. Talk to your telephone company or communications service provider about how to adopt SIP within your company.
Migrating to SIP from circuit-switched PBXs
Except for rare greenfield cases where networks are designed and established for the first time, most network and IT managers will migrate from existing PBX systems, most of which are circuit-switched systems that likely still run well.
Appropriate Investments:
We all know the reasons why. IP-based networks are better suited for the data-centric traffic that now dominates both public and private networks, unlike circuit-switched, time division multiplexed (TDM) networks that are inherently inefficient for today’s packet-based traffic demands. Research and development has all but halted on traditional Class 5 switches. The future is definitely IP.
Reason of Implementing SIP
SIP is a very flexible protocol that has great depth. It was designed to be a general-purpose way to set up real-time multimedia sessions between groups of participants. For example, in addition to simple telephone calls, SIP can also be used to set up video and audio multicast meetings, or instant messaging conferences. In this document, we'll focus on SIP's capabilities for VoIP, and how it sets up calls that then use RTP (the Real-time Transport Protocol) to actually send the voice data between phones. SIP also has great breadth as it does more than just handle call setup. The table below shows the five major functions within SIP from a VoIP point of view.
Function Description
User location and registration End points (telephones) notify SIP proxies of their location; SIP determines which end points will participate in a call.
User availability SIP is used by end points to determine whether they will “answer” a call.
User capabilities SIP is used by end points to negotiate media capabilities, such as agreeing on a mutually supported voice codec.
Session setup SIP tells the end point that its phone should be “ringing;” SIP is used to agree on session attributes used by the calling and called party.
Session management SIP is used to transfer calls, terminate calls, and change call parameters in mid-session (such as adding a 3-way conference).
Added Features:
One of the wonderful things about SIP is that it is a text-based protocol modeled on the request/response model used in HTTP. This makes it easy to debug because the messages are easy to construct (if you're a developer) and easy to see (if you're a network manager). Contrasted with H.323, SIP is an exceedingly simple protocol. Nevertheless, it has enough powerful features to model the behavior of a very complex traditional telephone PBX.
Environment:
SIP can run over IPv4 and IPv6 and it can use either TCP or UDP. The most common implementations, though, use IPv4 and UDP. This minimizes overhead, thereby speeding performance. Although two SIP devices can talk directly to each other, they generally will use an intermediary system that acts as a SIP proxy.
We normally think in telephony of phones as having numeric addresses. In SIP, an end station has a SIP URI (a form of URL) that identifies it and is used in the SIP protocol. Because phones generally have numeric keypads, the phone is responsible for translating what you dial (such as extension 5050) into a SIP URL (such as sip:5050@sip.citechco.net).
Practical Implementation:
The diagram below shows a SIP dialog involving two parties (User1 and User2) and their SIP proxy servers, the Gulshan and Dhanmondi. In this case, the SIP messages have been heavily abbreviated to show the flow of traffic.
To give you an idea of how simple SIP is, we've included a SIP message here: an idea of what User1's original INVITE to User2 might look like. In this message, the Session Description Protocol (RFC 2327) part of the INVITE is not shown; SDP is where the voice traffic characteristics, such as choice of audio encoder, would be indicated. SIP's easy-to-read format has made implementation and debugging of SIP easier than other similar protocols, such as H.323.
INVITE sip:user2@citech.net SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pabx.citechco.net;branch=z9hG4bK77ds
Max-Forwards: 70
To: user2
From: user1 ;tag=1928301774
Call-ID: a84b4c76e66710@pabx.citechco.net
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Contact:
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Length: 142
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TIP
Keep all the NosTale gold Summoned Beast Leather you find! These are valuable early in the game and can be sold to other players. A lot of the NosTale gold you will find while fighting enemies can also be used for crafting NosTale items later in the game. You can choose up to two crafting professions. Keep the items you find that relate to your chosen crafting professions, and sell the rest to make money. For instance, keep the ones related to potions and scrolls, but sell the ones relating to stones.
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abcd
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21 Apr : 20:45
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Comments: 8
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yiwu
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12 Jun : 12:03
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Comments: 8
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momo
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22 Jun : 19:10
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Comments: 9
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jessic
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02 Nov : 21:56
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Comments: 45
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nao1
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25 Nov : 01:00
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Comments: 15
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01 Dec : 02:36
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Poll: Will monopoly of the distribution of bandwidth from the first-ever Bangladesh submarine-cable help in lowering Internet bandwidth prices?
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No events for this month.
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Guests: 7, Members: 0 ...
most ever online: : 114
(members: 0, guests: 114) on 20 Dec : 17:54
Members: 900
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You must be logged in to post comments on this site - please either log in or if you are not registered click here to signup
 asif25 Apr : 23:47 submarine fibre optical connectivity ta ki thik hoise? i heard it damaged and using backup....whats the update pls...
asif22 Mar : 00:13 why? again gov. blocked ports 3200 and 7777. these ports are must to play online games. as well as to communicate with intertactive web applications....who is the manager of internet of bangladesh? does he only knows ms word? he must not be a internet user. he only knows to email. all garbagezzz[censored]
t
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